Carnegie’s Judy Dempsey argues Europe’s reluctance to use hard power assures that refugees from war-torn and crisis-ridden countries in the Middle East and Africa keep pouring into the EU. Had Europe used hard power against the Assad regime, Syria might not have become a cesspool of Islamist groups, and in turn, Syrian refugees might not be pouring into Europe. Now, the refugee crisis threatens to divide Europe along the lines of supporters and detractors of mass immigration. That would weaken EU unity, as well as EU influence on neighbouring countries, possibly allowing Russia to asset itself more in the Balkans and Eastern Europe.